10 ICSE ORGANIC CHEMISTRY IUPAC NAMES

In today's world, starting from bottles to bus, everything is made from carbon compounds in this blog we will discuss the basics of carbon compounds and how they are named. I mean the nomenclature. 

These are some of the basic steps need to follow while naming the carbon compounds( IUPAC NAMES), 

1. Find the longest carbon chain, and number it from both the end, so that the functional group ( which comes in bond as a side chain) should get a smallest possible number.Based on the numbering find the root word of the chain, use the following table to find out the root word.

Example if we have 5 continues carbon chain then the root word will be 'pent'

2. Find the bond between carbon chain

Single bond( alkane) root word + ane

Double bond ( alkene) root word + ene

Triple bond ( alkyne) root word + yne

3. For example if we have 5 straight chain of carbon it is pentane, 

If it has a cyclic formation like pentagon it' is cyclo pentane

4. If one hydrogen atom( ch3) is reduced from ch4 i.e alkane becomes alkyl

If we are having two functional groups in a same chain

Note ( we should use '-' in between number and naming 2- choloro, and we should use ',' in between two numbers. 2,3 chloro.

4. If we have two functional group we should write it in a alphabetical order.ex- 3 bromo 2 chloro butane. 

5. If we have a double bond between carbon atoms, we need to mention the number to which the double bond or triple bond is made

Example if we have 4 carbon chain and we have triple bond between 2 and 3, we need to write like this but - 2 - dyne

For triple bond

6. If we have a. Functional group as 'OH' then the suffix should be filled with 'ol' since it is alcholol. Pentanol

7. Aldehyde means add suffix with 'al'

If we have ketone group add suffix with 'one'

8. Ends with 'cooh' then remove 'e' and add 'oic acid' - pentanoic acid, Given structure shows a composed form

We have priority list for functional group, so that if two or more functional group comes in a chain we need to follow the priority order given below the table

Example to write the IUPAC Name

Since most of us will think that it has six carbon chain , it's wrong because it has 7 carbon chain, if we start from c2h5 it has 7 carbons,from this we can conclude that the name of the compund is 3,4 dimethy heptane

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